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The enactment of the amended version of the 13th Ordinance for the Implementation of the Federal Immission Control Act (13. BImSchV; Ordinance on Large Combustion and Gas Turbine Plants, [1]) in July 2004 effectively aligned the German ambient pollution control requirements with the current European regulations. Apart from redefined emission limit values for flue gas contents, a significant change (in the case of discharge by chimney) is the dropping of a minimum flue gas temperature of 72° C at the chimney outlet. For plant design, this means that reheating of the flue gases after wet flue gas desulfurization is no longer necessary.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

The VGB Instruction Sheet titled "Chimneys - Evaluation of the Construction Methods, Notes on Design and Commissioning", first edition, 1990, has assisted operators, designers and suppliers in the field of processes and design by conveying a wide range of findings and experiences concerning design, construction and operation of (power plant) chimneys. The main focus was on presenting typical design types and construction methods, as well as suitable materials. Since then, the state of the art has developed significantly. In the wake of the new generation of national and European standards, a new safety and documented evidence of conformity concept has been introduced to construction, promising technologies (e.g. combined cycle power plants) are applied just as successfully as high-performance basic or construction materials (e.g. fibre reinforced plastics), and legal amendments have triggered operational adjustments.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

Das vorliegende Merkblatt ist eine Sammlung von Erfahrungen und Erkenntnissen, die den Stand der Technik beim Einsatz von Kunststoffbauteilen - soweit diese nicht der Prüfpflicht im Sinne der Bauordnungen unterliegen - in Kühltürmen darstellt. Sie gibt Planern, Herstellern und Betreibern praxisorientierte Hinweise für Verfahrensweisen bei Einrichtungen und Instandhaltungen. Unter dem Begriff "Kühltürme" sind hier neben den Naturzug-Nasskühltürmen Ventilator-Zellenkühltürme, Serienkühltürme, Hybridkühltürme und andere Sonderkühltürme erfasst.

Das vorliegende Merkblatt wurde von einer Arbeitsgruppe des Arbeitskreises "Korrosion von metallischen Komponenten in Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlagen (REA)" im VGBArbeitskreis - Werkstofftechnik konventionell" erarbeitet, wobei die herstellende Industrie mit einbezogen wurde. Veranlassung für die Erstellung des Merkblattes war eine zunehmende Anzahl von Schädigungen an Gehäusen, Lauf- und Leiträdern von REA-Suspensionspumpen [1, 2]. Dieses Merkblatt befasst sich vorwiegend mit den Hinweisen für die Bestellung von Gußstücken aus Duplex-Werkstoffen für Gehäuse, Lauf- und Leiträder für REA-Suspensionspumpen.

Although no overwhelming evidence exists, organic acids and carbon dioxide have nevertheless been implicated as contributors to corrosion problems within the steam-water circuit. A dedicated group of international scientists, power plant chemists and turbine manufacturers has been commissioned under the auspices of the VGB PowerTech e.V. to examine and document the impact of organic matter and dissolved carbon dioxide on materials of construction in the steam-water circuit of power plant. This VGB Working Group "Organic Matter and Carbon Dioxide in Steam- Water Cycles" has produced an Instruction Sheet for organic matter and dissolved carbon dioxide in plant cycle chemistry of power plant.

This Instruction Sheet is subdivided into two sections. The first section describes the test procedures employed to determine the suitability of soft rubber linings in flue gas desulphurization plants while the second section deals with the testing criteria and standard values utilized to assess the service life of these soft rubber linings in flue gas desulphurization plants. The data presented are based on the collective experience acquired by the operators of flue gas desulphurization plants as well as by the manufacturers of soft rubber linings as corrosion protection systems for these plants. The publisher shall be exempt from any liability, including the factual accuracy of the statements contained herein. Issues relative to patent and/or other related rights shall be clarified by the respective owner of the patent rights as required.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

As a result of the increasing importance of district heating in the context of energy supply, the VGB Expert Committee "Water Chemistry in Thermal Power Plants" has produced a revised edition of the Instruction Sheet "Quality Requirements for District Heating Water".

-reprint 1997

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

The Instruction Sheet on hand is intended to replace Instruction Sheet M 407 G, "Bases for Planning, Ordering and Verification of Warranted Performance for Demineralization Plants with Ion Exchangers", the first and latest edition of which was published in 1986 and which defined the quality characteristics required for demineralized water for the first time. The Instruction Sheet had been created in cooperation with FIGAWA (Federal Association of Gas and Water Engineering Companies) in Cologne and FDBR (Professional Association for Boiler, Pressure Vessel and Piping Technology) in Düsseldorf.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

Responding to growing demands of the European environmental legislation, power plant operators are increasingly focusing on the topic of dust emission measurement again. Several independent studies provide evidence that the generally applied methods of dust measurement exhibit a degree of crosssensitivity to sulphuric acid aerosols not to be ignored. Without knowledge and consideration of these interrelations, serious measurement errors can occur, always falsely indicating excessive dust concentrations.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

The first edition of the instruction sheet “Analysis of FGD gypsum” was elaborated and published by the joint Working Group of the "Bundesverbandes der Gipsindustrie e.V." and VGB PowerTech e.V. to assure a high quality of FDG gypsum in coal-fired power plants. Due to new analysis methods the Project Group of the VGB Working Panel „Analysis“ revised the second edition and co-ordinated it with the Federal Association of the Gypsum Industry (Bundesverband der Gipsindustrie e.V.).

Since about 1985, fluidized bed combustion (FBC) has greatly extended the possibilities for operating power plants on the basis of solid fuels economically and in an environmentally acceptable manner. In addition to the system-inherent possibilities for infurnace emission reduction, FBC can be adapted to an especially broad range of fuels, some of which with a very high ash content. The possibility of using pressurized fluidized bed gasification and combustion systems in coal/combined cycle power plants and thus achieving substantial improvements in resource conservation and CO2 reduction have been technically demonstrated.

We expect that this second edition of the Instruction sheet, which is now entitled 'Recom-mendations for Design and Warranties of Waste-fuelled Steam Generators' will not only be beneficial for the purchasers but also for the suppliers of waste incineration facilities.

Der bisherige Erfolg dieses Merkblattes gab Anlass zu einer Weiterentwicklung und Anpassung an die heutigen Rahmenbedingungen. Die legislativen Änderungen, insbesondere die Harmonisierung der europäischen Regelwerke, aber auch die Neuerungen im Handelsrecht machen textliche Anpassungen erforderlich.

The VGB Instruction Sheet “Coal Handling in Power Plants” contains a collection of experience and recommendations which was prepared to the best of our knowledge but cannot always completely reproduce the state of the art. It provides a summary of information in the field of power plant coal handling which provides the user with a better overview of the specialist area and the associated regulations. The Instruction Sheet is therefore an important instrument for more efficient cooperation between those concerned. Complete application or application of excerpts must be agreed upon between the clients and the suppliers. There is no obligation to apply it. Liability, also for the factual correctness of the presentation is excluded. Likewise, rights under patent law and other property rights are to be clarified by the user on his/her own responsibility.

It is requested that the experience gained with the application of this Instruction Sheet, and that, by way of suggestions for improvements, any shortcomings found in the presentation as well as any possibilities that arose for confusing interpretations be reported to the VGB office for evaluation. This can be a starting point for addenda or alterations.

The VGB Instruction Sheet “Coal Bunkers” contains a collection of experience and recommendations which was prepared according to the best of our knowledge but which cannot always completely reproduce the state of the art. It provides a summary of information in the field of coal bunkers which provides the user with a better overview of the specialist area and the associated regulations. The Instruction Sheet is therefore an important instrument for economisation and efficiency-boosting cooperation between manufacturers and owners/operators. Complete application or application only of excerpts must be agreed upon between the clients and the suppliers. There is no obligation to apply it. Liability, also for the factual correctness of the presentation, is excluded.

In order to ensure their high availability, oil-cooled transformers are monitored continuous-ly and subjected to a very wide variety of tests at regular intervals. In an exchange of ex-perience, the operators of all nuclear power plant sites in Germany harmonized the scope of their testing and monitoring of oil-cooled transformers.

The aim of the liberation of the European energy market was and is the competition of the operating companies at the market, of which more efficiency and noticeably  low prices for the customers should be achieved. Due to this transition, from a former monopole “island situation” into an open energy market, there is continuing  pressure for the energy producers to reduce costs: Adaption- and rationalisation possibilities are under serious consideration.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

The aim of the liberation of the European energy market was and is the competition of the operating companies at the market, of which more efficiency and noticeably  low prices for the customers should be achieved. Due to this transition, from a former monopole “island situation” into an open energy market, there is continuing  pressure for the energy producers to reduce costs: Adaption- and rationalisation possibilities are under serious consideration.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

The aim of the liberation of the European energy market was and is the competition of the operating companies at the market, of which more efficiency and noticeably  low prices for the customers should be achieved. Due to this transition, from a former monopole “island situation” into an open energy market, there is continuing  pressure for the energy producers to reduce costs: Adaption- and rationalisation possibilities are under serious consideration.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.