Abstracts - VGB PowerTech Journal 12/2005

VGB Congress “Power Plants 2005”

The VGB Congress “Power Plants 2005” took place in Cracow/Poland from 28th to 30th September 2005. This year’s motto was “Power Meets Kyoto – Energy and Environment in the EU 25”. About 900 participants from Germany and abroad attended the plenary and technical lectures that were dealing with topics like “Market and Competition” as well as “Technology, Operation and Environment”. Special lectures were dealing with further subjects like energy perspectives in Middle and Eastern Europe, first experiences with CO2-emissions trading, and the European research and development strategy for clean power. A comprehensive side programme and technical visits rounded off the Congress.

Best Available Technique – Requirements for a High Level of Waste Combustion in Europe

Bernt Johnke

Within the scope of the so-called Seville Process two reference documents about the Best Available Technique (BREF) for waste incineration (WI) and waste treatment (WT) were elaborated. The so-called final drafts of the two BREF documents of May 2005 were passed at the end of June 2005 by the member states in the Information Exchange Forum (IEF) in Brussels. With these BAT requirements the high level of waste incineration – that has been standard in some member states for a couple of years – will become a European standard for all member states.

Erection and First Operating - Experience with the Breisgau TREA

Michael Höling

The concept and function as well as first operating experience with the thermal residual waste and energy conversion plant (called TREA). The TREA Breisgau is a single-pass conventional grate firing with an hourly throughput of 20 tonnes and an annual capacity of 150 000 tonnes with a design net calorific value of 11 000 kJ/kg.

Modern Management of Building Materials with the Example Hard Coal Fly Ash

Heinz-Peter Backes, Dirk Brandenburger, and Matthias Meißner

Today, Germany has a leading position world-wide regarding the utilisation of power plant by-products as well as regarding the use of fly ash as concrete addition, in particular. This is based on a modern management of building materials successfully practised in Germany for decades. Current tasks show how possibilities of fly ash application and thus sustainable construction methods can be increased by a modern management of building materials.

Coal Combustion Products in Europe - Valuable Raw Materials for the Construction Industry

Wolfgang vom Berg and Hans-Joachim Feuerborn

Coal combustion products (CCPs) are formed with the production of electricity in coal-fired power plants. The production of these CCPs has been increased by the years due to legal requirements for flue gas cleaning. The utilisation of CCPs is well established in some European countries, based on long term experience and technical as well as environmental benefits. As CCPs are defined as waste materials by existing legislation the power industry has to handle the stigma put on the products and hamper the beneficial use.

Fly Ash for Concrete - Quality Management of a Building Product in a Power Plant

Dino Brosch

The production and marketing of fly ash for concrete in compliance with DIN EN 450 makes an appreciable contribution to the cost-effective operation of a power plant. For an efficient design of the operational procedures and documentation STEAG makes use of different electronically controlled operation management systems.

Concrete Technology and Execution of "Los Nord" of the New ICE Line Section Nürnberg-Ingolstadt, especially Tunnel "Offenbau"

Jörg-Peter Wagner and Michael Willmes

For the construction of the projects within "Los Nord" of the new ICE line section Nuremberg-Ingolstadt more than 500,000 m³ concrete were used. The manifold applications the concrete compositions were optimized by using fly ash as concrete addition. Due to the different applications the utilisation of fly ash concretes was technically as well as economically very reasonable. Fly ash concretes are to be preferred in particular for massive structures or structures which are exposed to high residual stress .

FGD Gypsum - A Product for the Gypsum Industry

Rolf Hüller and Hans-Jörg Kersten

Gypsum from flue gas desulphurization plants - FGD gypsum - has been used as a raw material in the European gypsum industry for more than 25 years from the beginning of sulphur oxide scrubbing. Within this time the European Gypsum industry has used increasing amounts of FGD gypsum year by year. Since the end of the 70s more than 100 million tons of FGD gypsum have been produced in hard coal and lignite power plants in Europe. The amount of FGD gypsum produced in power stations in 17 European countries totals 15 million tonnes in 2003. About 50% - the largest part - is set up in Germany with an amount of 7.5 million tons / year.

Cost optimization in Municipal Waste Treatment Plants via active Fuzzy Control systems

Thomas Kempin, Peter Knoop, Henrik Zahn, and Christian Gierend

Various possibilities for applying control systems based on fuzzy logic are investigated for the continuing development of thermal waste treatment systems in Municipal Waste Treatment Centre North, BSR Berlin. The aim of this development project is the optimisation of combustion control systems. The basic principle of fuzzy logic is particularly well-suited to solve this problem.

System Migration onto Standard SCADA Equipment in Power Stations

Klaus Liedtke, Bernd Kinnen, and Monika Hennesen

Only a long service life for a block control system ensures high profitability. In reality, however, the individual components of the block control system have quite different life expectancies. The pros and cons are discussed of using a standard SCADA system in a modernized process control scheme of a power station unit.

Increased Plant Safety and Plant Availability by Cleaning with Dosed Gas Explosions

Markus Bürgin and Hans Rüegg

One of difficulties for a waste to energy boiler are the waste composition and the environmental regulations which are changing so fast that it becomes almost impossible for the suppliers to implement their latest experience in their design rules. Technical solutions for the boiler cleaning are presented. The basic principle of the cleaning technologies is an explosive gas mixture which is well dosed at the desired location brought to a controlled explosion.

Performance Monitoring System – A Simple Tool for Sustainable Improvement of Plant Operation and Efficiency

Michael J. Frank, and Josef Mylonas

The introduction of an Online-Performance Monitoring System (PMS) assists the plant operator in optimizing plant operation in order to approach the most efficient plant operation. The report describes development, commissioning and results of the introduction of an Online-PMS in a German bituminous coal-fired power plant.

Improved production capacity for waste to energy plants and biomass boilers using advanced On-Load cleaning technology

Jürgen Bruggeman, and Stephan Simon

Waste incineration plants and biomass boilers are facing critical fouling situation in the empty passes (membrane walls) because of variable and temporary high calorific value. A on-load cleaning solution is described. It is based on the Water Cannons as well as on the Shower Cleaning Systems.