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This instruction sheet applies to the characterisation of the grindability of lignites according to the Impact Grundability Index PMI (in German: Prallmahlindex PMI). This process variable characterises the grindability of pulverised fuels under the conditions of impact crushing, in particular for beater wheel, beater or fan mills.

The VGB-Standard VGB-S-120 lists measures which are conducive to maintaining cleanliness in the plant (in mechanical, electrical and chemical regards) during maintenance and modification work.

This Instruction Sheet is subdivided into two sections. The first section describes the test procedures employed to determine the suitability of soft rubber linings in flue gas desulphurization plants while the second section deals with the testing criteria and standard values utilized to assess the service life of these soft rubber linings in flue gas desulphurization plants. The data presented are based on the collective experience acquired by the operators of flue gas desulphurization plants as well as by the manufacturers of soft rubber linings as corrosion protection systems for these plants. The publisher shall be exempt from any liability, including the factual accuracy of the statements contained herein. Issues relative to patent and/or other related rights shall be clarified by the respective owner of the patent rights as required.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

Within this instruction sheet protective measures, based on relevant actual standards, against the actions of deviating vehicles (vehicle impact) on buildings, civil structural parts and mechanical components in conventional power plants and comparable industrial facilities are described. The purpose of the instruction sheet is to give practical instructions for "guard devices" in accordance with VGB Guideline "Indication and Handling of Loads when Designing Conventional Power Plants", VGB-R 602 Ue (section 2.5.3, Impact Loads).

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

The enactment of the amended version of the 13th Ordinance for the Implementation of the Federal Immission Control Act (13. BImSchV; Ordinance on Large Combustion and Gas Turbine Plants, [1]) in July 2004 effectively aligned the German ambient pollution control requirements with the current European regulations. Apart from redefined emission limit values for flue gas contents, a significant change (in the case of discharge by chimney) is the dropping of a minimum flue gas temperature of 72° C at the chimney outlet. For plant design, this means that reheating of the flue gases after wet flue gas desulfurization is no longer necessary.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

Monitoring, limiting and protection devices must satisfy stringent requirements in order to afford safe and reliable operation of gas turbine units. The present revision was aimed at considering the present state of the art and the current codes of practice and ISO and VDMA standards. This Standard applies to stationary gas turbines (single-shaft and multi-shaft turbines) used to drive generators and other machinery.

Monitoring, limiting and protection devices must satisfy stringent requirements in order to afford safe and reliable operation of gas turbine units. The present revision was aimed at considering the present state of the art and the current codes of practice and ISO and VDMA standards. This Standard applies to stationary gas turbines (single-shaft and multi-shaft turbines) used to drive generators and other machinery.

As a result of particular impacts and stresses affecting reinforced concrete cooling towers and chimneys and strengthend by their special structures and conditions of operation, adequate instructions are required for contractors initially applying or renewing surface protection systems. This Guideline therefore takes the form of additional technical stipulations to supplement the existing standards and codes. In this spirit, the Guideline is intended to assist the customer as an aid to decision-making and a basis for inviting tenders, placing orders and performing work of this kind. The customer in this context may be the owner and/or operator or a company employed by these.

*Dieses Produkt ist ebenfalls in deutscher Sprache erhältlich.

To detect incipient damage to generators in power plants, protective equipment is installed. For electrical protection, in 2012 VGB published recommendations in the VGB-Standard VGB-S-025 “Electrical Generating Unit Protection”. The VGBStandard in hand, VGB-S-164-11, shows the protective measures that can be taken when thermal limits are exceeded or leaks and other malfunctions occur. These protective measures relate to so-called thermal/mechanical generator protection and cover generators for thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants and wind turbines.

To detect incipient damage to generators in power plants, protective equipment is installed. For electrical protection, in 2012 VGB published recommendations in the VGB-Standard VGB-S-025 “Electrical Generating Unit Protection”. The VGBStandard in hand, VGB-S-164-11, shows the protective measures that can be taken when thermal limits are exceeded or leaks and other malfunctions occur. These protective measures relate to so-called thermal/mechanical generator protection and cover generators for thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants and wind turbines.

The moisture contained in gaseous substances condenses on impact with colder surfaces to a greater of lesser extent, depending on the ambient conditions and in particular on pressure and temperature. If this occurs in the area of non-insulated electrical connections inside the generator, it is hardly possible to avoid electrical faults. Several cases of damage to power plant generators with similar causes and developments resulting from condensation as outlined above have provided grounds for the VGB Project Group on Generators to analyse the causes and compile recommendations for action to avoid such damage in future.

The moisture contained in gaseous substances condenses on impact with colder surfaces to a greater of lesser extent, depending on the ambient conditions and in particular on pressure and temperature. If this occurs in the area of non-insulated electrical connections inside the generator, it is hardly possible to avoid electrical faults. Several cases of damage to power plant generators with similar causes and developments resulting from condensation as outlined above have provided grounds for the VGB Project Group on Generators to analyse the causes and compile recommendations for action to avoid such damage in future.

The editorial team has decided to take the steam turbine and the generator from the VGB-R 116 “Preservation of Power Plants” (republished as VGB-S-116-00-2016-04- EN “Preservation of Power Plants”), to add a section on the gas turbine and to publish both together in this revised VGB standard “VGB-S-036-00-2017-04”. 

The editorial team has decided to take the steam turbine and the generator from the VGB-R 116 “Preservation of Power Plants” (republished as VGB-S-116-00-2016-04- EN “Preservation of Power Plants”), to add a section on the gas turbine and to publish both together in this revised VGB standard “VGB-S-036-00-2017-04”. 

More than twenty years ago, in 1994, the first edition of this standard was published in response to the rapid technological development and the growing importance of condensers in plant construction. Now that the standard has been tried and tested in many respects over the last few decades and the economic viability of a plant continues to be heavily influenced by the operation of its condensation system, it has been decided to maintain and update the standard. A fundamental revision was not necessary.

More than twenty years ago, in 1994, the first edition of this standard was published in response to the rapid technological development and the growing importance of condensers in plant construction. Now that the standard has been tried and tested in many respects over the last few decades and the economic viability of a plant continues to be heavily influenced by the operation of its condensation system, it has been decided to maintain and update the standard. A fundamental revision was not necessary.

Fire-fighting operations by fire brigades in onshore wind turbines are almost impossible because of their height and resulting difficulty of accessing them. For this reason, fire prevention, early detection and early fighting of a fire, and the self-rescue of persons present in the installations during a fire are key considerations.

Fire-fighting operations by fire brigades in onshore wind turbines are almost impossible because of their height and resulting difficulty of accessing them. For this reason, fire prevention, early detection and early fighting of a fire, and the self-rescue of persons present in the installations during a fire are key considerations

The former VGB Guideline VGB-R 170 A1e “Measures for the avoidance and handling of instrumentation and control equipment failures” was used since 2005 for the support during the specification and assessment of control and instrumentation systems with regard to their robustness against failures at increasing use of standard IT components and IT networks.